A formal analysis of circular variables is given. 1 Sensible distance measures are derived both for when a circular variable is continous and for when it is discrete.

---

1. 1 I declare this to be my own work, entirely. In particular, no AI was used in any research, analysis, synthesis, writing, nor typesetting of this work. In short, AI was not recruited at any time in this work. Errors and inaccuracies are therefore proudly my own.

Download PDF circular-variables.pdf (156 KB)